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The Basics of Base Training

Principles: The purpose of base training is to establish a foundation of fitness that will allow cyclists to build towards their physiological potential for a goal event. It may seem counterintuitive to revert to base training every year after reaching new heights of performance, but this strategy pays dividends come race season. Much like a pyramid, our fitness is built in a hierarchical fashion, with the initial work serving as a critical foundation that will eventually support a higher peak. This foundation is achieved through effective base training in which cyclists raise their fitness levels. During this phase there are various transformations happening on different levels, but for the sake of simplicity, we’ll just focus on the efficiency of muscles to transform energy into speed on the bike. As you focus your training on developing your aerobic capacity, amongst other useful adaptations, you train your body to become more efficient at turning fat into energy and producing energy aerobically regardless of its fuel. This transformation takes place within the mitochondria (the powerhouses of the cell ) in your muscles. So, as you spend more time stressing your aerobic energy system, your body adapts by creating more efficient mitochondria. This adaptation will benefit you throughout all portions of your power curve because mitochondria are involved in turning energy into speed at all different intensities. Takeaway: By following a Base training plan, you will establish fundamental aspects of your fitness capabilities. The primary focus is on aerobic endurance, muscular endurance, and form/speed/power capabilities. TrainerRoad Base Plans: General, Traditional, Polarized, and Masters So it's time for base, but you aren't sure what will work best for you... what do you do? You can use the guide below to decide which Base plan is right for you. General Base This take on Base training integrates a bit more variety than the Traditional approach. You will see a lot of Sweet Spot work, but the plan also contains VO2 max intervals and neuromuscular bursts in the Low and Mid-Volume Plans. The reasoning behind this is that most amateur athletes when training at a low-intensity will run out of time in their schedules before they really tax their endurance muscles to the limit. Through Sweet Spot work, and a mix of higher intensity work, you can attain sufficient training stress to initiate adaptation in your limited training time. - When choosing a Base plan, we've found General Base (GB) is the best choice for most athletes who don't have enough time (less than 10 hours/week) to complete a full Traditional Base. If that's you, we recommend trying one of our General Base plans to fit your schedule. - This plan initiates general fitness gains much faster (can expect FTP increase in 6-8 weeks) Learn more in our blog post: What is General Base Training? Traditional Base The Traditional Base approach requires long, low-intensity hours in the saddle. There are a few key demographics that this approach is best for: - Those recovering from injury will benefit from the gentle approach of Traditional Base - Athletes who have large amounts of time before their target events. By planning their season well in advance of their race days, riders afford themselves the option of cultivating a wider base of fitness. Completing Traditional Base prior to a General Base circuit is one way to build this huge, substantial base. Polarized Base Polarized Training spits your training into two intensities at specific volumes: ≈80% low intensity, 20% high intensity or 95/5%. This structure takes more time in the saddle to generate comparable adaptations to General Base, but less than Traditional Base. Polarized training is best for: - Experienced athletes with a strong aerobic base who can handle intense sessions. - Athletes who have the time and want to train with long endurance sessions and hard high-intensity efforts. Masters Base Masters Base plans are designed to prioritize recovery with no more than two days of Sweet Spot, or higher-intensity workouts each week. These plans work well for: - These plans are made for athlete's who need more recovery time. - Any athlete who needs more recovery time will find these plans extremely beneficial, not just masters athletes. - They can be used for athletes returning to interval training after extended time off, injury, or illness. Learn more about Masters Plans from this article: What are Masters Plans? Takeaway: For most applications, General or Masters Base is the way to go. Relevant Podcasts [13:45] Podcast 068: Sweet Spot vs Traditional Base discussion Can I Skip Base Training? Typically, we do not recommend athletes skip any training phases. You will get the fastest if you work through all three training phases in order and to completion before moving onto your next phase of training. However, every rider has different time constraints, as well as different levels of fitness and cycling backgrounds going into their structured training. Here are a few common reasons that athletes want to skip Base: - Riders with heavily experienced backgrounds who are familiar with the level of base training they have at that point in the season. These riders can decide to bypass or reduce the duration of the Base phase, and move straight into a Build phase if they have been doing structured Base outside of TrainerRoad. - Riders with mid-level or minimal experience, whose target event is less than 28 weeks away (the time it takes to complete Base/Build/Specialty). We’d suggest s/he complete the entire Base phase of training and move as far along through the Build and Specialty training plans as time will allow. See our article "Not Enough Time!" To further explore how you should structure your season with less than 28 weeks. - Riders who are mid-season and have already peaked for en event, but have 16 or fewer weeks until their next event. These athletes should first consider a low-intensity training block but can absolutely skip base and jump back into Build. This is what we call a 'rebuild' and you can learn more about how to structure around this in our "Peaking for Multiple 'A' Races" article. Takeaway: No, you should probably not skip Base Phase, however there are a few fringe cases where it is an acceptable decision. Base Training Q&A Q: Time constraints aside, how many hours per week would I need to spend base training in order to improve upon last season's fitness? A: The goal is to increase your annual training volume by 5% but not more than 15% over last year’s training volume in order to improve upon last year’s performance without overdoing it. Q: Do I really have to go this easy during Base I? It doesn't seem like I'm working hard enough to gain any training benefit. A: Properly performed, Aerobic Endurance rides (roughly 60-80% FTP) train your type IIb fibers - which are the most versatile muscle fiber type - to prefer fat over sugar, one of the key objectives of Base Training. This adaptation is negatively affected if you work too hard, so go slow so your body learns to metabolize fat and spare sugar at low, but eventually greater, effort levels. Q: Sometimes I don't have the time for the prescribed ride duration. How can I address these time constraints without missing out on the benefits of base training? A: Although athletes competing in events requiring long hours on the bike need to adapt to long rides with no breaks, riding twice daily is often the only way to log high daily base mileage and is also an excellent way to reduce body fat during Base Training. Simply break your longer rides into 2 segments and perform them at the beginning, middle and/or end of your day. Try to refrain from breaking your long weekend ride into halves, and avoid breaking rides less than 90 minutes into smaller parts whenever possible. Q: Are recovery weeks really necessary when the training intensity is already so low? A: Yes. Regardless of the low intensity, the body needs time to absorb new stress before additional stress is applied, even if that stress isn't due to high-intensity intervals or race efforts. Recovery weeks will simply drop the stress to roughly half the stress of your current phase's toughest week but keep you on the bike the same number of times in order to avoid any disruption of your training schedule. Also, there’s no reason (nor benefit) to exceed 50% FTP during Recovery Weeks unless you are certain that riding over 50% FTP is still regenerative and restful and allows your body to recover and prep for the next, more stressful, block of training. Q: Which drills should I be doing per session and how many do I do for the duration? A: The drills are briefly during the workouts themselves. As long as you haven't checked the "Hide text during workout" box on the Profile tab, and the onscreen directions will prompt you to add particular drills at particular times.

Understanding your Training Plans • Last updated on Aug 20, 2026

Plan Builder Overview

Plan Builder is a tool that creates custom plans tailored to you and your goals. Plan Builder considers the unique demands of your goals, your available training time, and your recent training history to build a plan specific to you. Screen Shot 2024-09-16 at 1.02.29 PM.png With Plan Builder, training plans exist for just about every cycling discipline and can account for the specific needs of individual athletes. Build your custom plan and get training right away! Note: The most up to date Plan Builder is only available on the TrainerRoad website! We recommend building your custom plan on the TrainerRoad website to gain access to all of Plan Builders new functionality Plan Builder Walk-Through Plan Builder takes you through a series of steps to build you a fully tailored custom training plan. In Plan Builder, you add a start date, set goals and events for your schedule, choose how you would like to approach your training and customize your plan schedule. After Plan Builder builds your plan you’ll have the option to review it before adding your new plan to you Calendar. Customizing your plan is super easy, so let’s jump into it! Step 1: Sync Your Training History If you have any activity history, Plan Builder can use that data to help shape your plan. You can sync your activity history from Garmin Connect or Strava. If you don’t have any training history coming into TrainerRoad, don’t worry. Your plan will adjust as you progress through your workouts. How to Sync All of Your Garmin Connect Activities 1. Log into TrainerRoad to access your Account Profile. 2. Select “Activity Sync” from the menu on the left-hand side of the screen. 3. Click the option to “Connect with Garmin.” 4. Authorize TrainerRoad to access your Garmin Connect account by selecting “Agree & Connect.” 5. In Garmin Connect, authorize TrainerRoad to access your Garmin Connect account and data. If you would like a more detailed walkthrough, check out this article: Garmin Connect How to Sync All of Your Strava Activities 1. Log into TrainerRoad to access your Account Profile. 2. Select "Activity Sync" from the menu on the left-hand side of the screen. 3. Under Strava, click "Connect." 4. Read through how the TrainerRoad-Strava integration works and click "Agree & Connect." 5. Enter your Strava login credentials. 6. Authorize TR to connect with your Strava account. If you would like a more detailed walkthrough, check out this article: Strava Step 2: Choose your Goal and Start Date First you will need to let Plan Builder know if you are training to prepare for a specific event or if you would like a training plan to train for a general fitness goal. Screen Shot 2025-03-27 at 8.03.19 AM.png Once you have done this you will be prompted to choose the start date of your plan. You can start a plan at any time in the future, as long as plans do not have overlapping start/end dates with other plans. Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 3.56.44 PM.png Step 3: Add Events or Goals Once you have chosen your start date you'll be adding your events or choosing your main goal and discipline! Select the options below for more information on adding events or choosing a goal and discipline. To Prepare for an Event This is where you will add your goal events! These can be cycling events and cycling stage races. Events can be added at these three different priority levels: - A Events are your most important events of the season. Your training plan is designed to have you at your best for these events. As such, you can only have a few A events in a year. These events have a full taper before the event with a recovery week after. A events should ideally be 12 weeks apart in order to be in peak form for both. - B Events can be seasonal objectives in their own right. They allow you to try different race prep and strategies to see what works best for you. B events receive a taper in the week of the event. - C Events are great practice and experience, but the outcome of these races should carry little value. C events will not change your plan. You can treat them like a hard workout. Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 4.25.21 PM.png If you are unsure what races you are doing or what your final schedule is this upcoming season, no worries. You can always add events to your Calendar after your plan has been built and your plan will automatically adapt around the new additions. With that said we recommend adding at least 1 “A” priority event to your plan, when you build your initial training plan. Unsure of how to prioritize your races? Check out this blog article for more information. General Fitness Goals If you've chosen General Fitness Goals first you will be prompted to choose the length of your plan. You can choose between a 1 month, 2 month, and 3 month plan or opt for another duration! Screen Shot 2024-09-16 at 12.40.43 PM.png Once you have done this you will prompted to choose your plan's main focus by selecting your primary training discipline and your training plans primary goal: Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 4.01.12 PM.png Step 4: Training Approach In the next step you can decide how aggressive you want your training to be by choosing your Training Approach. When choosing your training approach there are five options; conservative, moderate, balanced, demanding, and aggressive: - Conservative - A conservative approach is for athletes looking for more modest gains while benefiting from a reduced training load. This is a great approach for athletes looking to maintain their fitness or who are returning from injury. - Moderate - A moderate approach is for athletes who want steady progress and constant improvements with a comfortable and manageable training load. This is a solid option for athletes who haven’t trained in a long time or are new to the sport. - Balanced - This approach is called balanced because, for most athletes, this is the best approach to progress fitness while receiving enough recovery to remain consistent and prevent long-term fatigue. - Demanding - This is an approach for athletes who are prepared for a demanding plan and who understand their recovery needs to make progress. - Aggressive - This is an approach for athletes who want to push the boundaries of their current limits. Athletes will need to have a solid understanding of their nutrition, hydration, rest, and recovery needs for this training approach. Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 4.29.51 PM.png Be sure to read the descriptions of each option on the slider. When in doubt we recommend opting for a more balanced approach! Once you've generated your schedule you'll be able to view your training plan! Step 5: Schedule Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 4.39.48 PM.png Here in the schedule step, Plan Builder will automatically recommend a training schedule based on your training approach and imported training data. You will see an outline of what a general training week will look like. You can customize your schedule in the training week outline in these five ways: Dragging and dropping workouts: You can drag and drop workouts in the weekly schedule to the days of the week that you would prefer to complete them! workout move test.png Note: If you drag two workouts so they are close together you may receive a warning. Be sure to give yourself enough recovery between workouts! Changing the duration: You can change the duration of your planned workouts using the time drop down for each workout. Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 4.44.24 PM.png Changing the workout type: You can change your indoor structured workouts to TrainerRoad Outside Workouts, Group Rides or Solo Rides, and Zwift Race from the drop-down menu. Screenshot 2025-06-09 at 10.32.31 AM.png Screenshot 2025-06-09 at 10.33.11 AM.png Adjusting amount of workouts per week: To adjust the amount of workouts per week or the number of intense workouts per week go ahead and click on the settings icon located in the top right hand corner of the weekly schedule. Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 4.40.21 PM.png From here you can adjust how many days per week you want to train and how many intense workouts you want per week. Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 5.12.32 PM.png Keep in mind, if you choose to do more days of training you may receive a warning that your plan has too much training load. You can restore the plan to the original settings to get you back on track by selecting Restore Schedule. Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 5.01.59 PM.png If you'd like to tinker you can also reduce the duration of workouts, or change how many intense days you have per week to get your desired training schedule. Restoring your Original Schedule If at any point you'd like to restore your plan back to the initial recommendation go ahead and select the Restore option located to the right of the settings button and then hit Restore Schedule: Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 4.55.29 PM.png Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 4.58.40 PM.png Step 6: Name your plan and Review! Finally you can go ahead and give your training plan a name, and take the plan to review! Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 5.04.53 PM.png You will see a breakdown of your custom training plan with details of your schedule and an overview of your plan phases and when they start, before you add the plan to your Calendar Screen Shot 2024-09-12 at 5.06.36 PM.png Your plan will be composed of these three different phases: - Base Training Phase is where it all begins. It's the foundation of cycling and triathlon success, developing resilient aerobic fitness and laying the groundwork for higher-intensity, discipline-specific training later on. The importance of base training can't be overstated. - Build Training Phase builds discipline-specific fitness on your aerobic foundation, pushing you out of your comfort zone to increase your sustainable workload and make you faster. - Specialty Training Phase Focuses your training on the specific demands of your goals and/or events. This is a demanding discipline-specific final block of training. FAQ What if I already have events on my calendar? Plan Builder will detect events already on your calendar, and ask you to "Include" them once you reach the “Events” step of the process. What if I need to add events later? No problem! When new events are added after a custom plan has been added to the calendar, we’ll ask you if you would like those events to be accounted for in your plan and edit the plan to better fit that event. What if I need to take time off? You can add time at any point in your TrainerRoad Calendar once your plan is built. Learn how here: How to Add Time Off to My TrainerRoad Calendar What if I’ve already started training? Go ahead and choose a start date when you actually started training, even though it's in the past. This will make the plan automatically start where you were in your training! Why does my plan go Base/Build/Base? In your plan, when you have extra time before your goal event, alternating between Base and Build phases ensures your body stays responsive and well-prepared for your target event. Utilizing the Base phase after building fitness allows you to reduce fatigue, prevent plateaus, and enter your Specialty phase with the energy needed to maximize your event-specific gains. TrainerRoad Base training is not the same as Traditional Base training. So when TrainerRoad Base training is used after a Build phase, it does not revert the plan to significantly easier Z1/Z2 training. Instead, it strategically shifts your training to maintain progression while giving your body the necessary preparation for the final push into the Specialty phase. Note: If your plan is long enough, alternating between Base and Build serves the same preparatory function mentioned above. I got a different volume than what I’ve been doing, why is that? Your recommendation is customized for you based on your current capabilities as an athlete, your goal, and your Training Approach. If you are seeing a different volume than what you have been doing you might’ve been doing too much volume before, or not enough. Why did my long Endurance ride change to a Solo Ride? We recommend doing particularly long Sunday Endurance rides outside. You’ll notice that your training plan’s Solo Ride still has wattage/RPE targets and instructions on how to ride so that you can maintain the same goals as your scheduled workout. How do you know which training plan and schedule is best for me? We do a deep analysis of all of your data to intelligently recommend how much volume, intensity, and recovery you need. Where are Masters plans? Masters plans are training plans with one less day of intensity per week. You can adjust how many intense days per week your training schedule has. To do this open the Settings panel to change between 2- and 3-days of intensity per week. Masters should use 2-intense workout plans. Can I adjust the total amount of workouts per week? You can adjust how many workouts per week your training schedule has. To do this open the Settings panel to change between 2-6 workouts per week. We highly suggest using our customized training schedule recommendation, though. How can I make a plan for maintaining fitness? When you start building a plan, you will be asked if you want to build a plan for an event or fitness goals. If you would like to build a plan to maintain fitness, select fitness goals, then select your discipline and choose “Maintaining Fitness” as your goal. This will build a plan focused on maintaining your specific level of fitness. Can I make workouts too long or too short? If you edit your plan in a way that would be detrimental to your fitness goals, or ability to complete the plan, you’ll see a Warning banner on the page. This means your plan schedule is not recommended. Changing workout durations to be shorter than the initial recommendation, isn’t necessarily a bad thing, but you may be able to handle more than you think! I'm not trying to win races, but I do want to get into better shape. Is there a plan for that? Yes! Plan Builder can build plans structured around your primary discipline and goals. How does the PBv2 work for athletes who don’t have a target event? Plan Builder can build plans structured around your primary discipline and goals. How do I balance my strength training and other activities with my TrainerRoad Plan? Does Plan Builder consider strength training or cross-training? If you don’t have Activity Sync set up with TrainerRoad, we recommend getting that set up so that all of your training, strength training included, is imported to TrainerRoad. If you do anything that would lead to long-term burnout, TrainerRoad AI will adjust your TrainerRoad workouts down or prescribe a Rest Day. Will my current training plan change with the update? You’ll see the option to optimize your current custom plan if you have one added to your Calendar. You can always update your Training Approach and Training Schedule by clicking on the plan name or plan annotation from your Calendar. How can I update my plan if my goals or schedule change? You’ll see the option to optimize your current custom plan if you have one. You can always update your Training Approach and Training Schedule by clicking on the plan name or plan annotation from your Calendar. Where can I use the new Plan Builder? You can use the new Plan Builder on the TrainerRoad website! Can I use Plan Builder if I have limited time to train? Yes! You can even make plans with only 2 workouts per week. You can adjust the duration of any workout to be shorter if you want. Will Plan Builder re-build the plan if I add new events after the plan has started? Yes! Plan Builder will adjust around any event added to your Calendar. Can I still choose specific training phases (Base, Build, Specialty) manually? Yes! You can still add individual training phases to your Calendar. To add individual Training phases to your Calendar select Training Phases at the Training Plans page. I'm training for an event but I don't know the exact dates yet. What should I do? If you aren’t sure what the exact dates of your priority events are you have a couple of options! Add the event to your plan with an approximate date of when it may be. Once you know the date, update the event date on your Calendar and we’ll ask to update your plan to peak your fitness for your event. Build a plan without an event, selecting the event’s discipline and your personal goal. Once you know the date, add the event to your Calendar and we’ll update your plan to peak your fitness for your event. Are Triathlon plans supported? You can build a training plan with Plan Builder! There are some differences in the steps when you build a triathlon plan with Plan Builder instead of a cycling plan. Can I make a Polarized plan with the new Plan Builder? Currently you cannot build a Polarized Plan Builder plan. The good news is that this is something we are hoping to implement in the future.

Plan Builder • Last updated on Jul 21, 2026

Garmin Workout Sync Best Practices

Now that you can send workouts to your Garmin, here are some tips on how to get the most out of this feature! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=riDlyI4z5Pg Create a Custom Screen to Use For the closest thing to following a TrainerRoad workout, we recommend creating a custom screen with the following Data Fields. Re-order your Garmin screens so that the new custom screen is next to the workout screen so you can easily reference both. 48.bmp Elapsed Time - Shows the total time you have been riding. - Nested under the Timer category. 3 Second Power - Shows smoothed instantaneous power. - Nested under the Power category. Lap Power - Shows average power for the current lap/step of a workout. - Nested under the Power category. Time to Go - Shows how much longer the current step of a workout is. - Nested under the Workouts category. *For older generation Edge devices and all Garmin watches without the Time to Go field, we suggest Lap Time as an alternative. For more detailed information on how to create a custom screen, check out this article. Executing a Workout Follow these steps when completing a workout. 1) Load Workout 54.bmp 2) Switch to your custom workout screen. 48.bmp 3) Stay in the first warmup interval until you’ve reached your “training terrain”. 24.bmp 4) Hit the lap button to advance to the first interval. Target is displayed on the screen. 50.bmp 5) The custom workout screen should be your main screen while riding. Swipe back to the Garmin Workout screen if you need to reference your target wattage range. 168.bmp Workouts with Reps and Sets For workouts with short intervals grouped together, the workout will automatically advance between rest and work intervals. Between major sets, recover until the timer hits 0 and the road is conducive to executing your intervals. Screen_Shot_2019-05-21_at_1.18.36_PM.png Short intervals will auto lap Workouts with Sets For workouts with longer intervals, you will need to push the lap button between sets. Recover until the timer hits 0 and the road is conducive to executing your intervals. Screen_Shot_2019-05-21_at_1.25.44_PM.png Long intervals require lap press

Outside Workouts • Last updated on Aug 13, 2026